Type 1 diabetes mellitus overview - type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by an inability of the body to produce insulin due to the result of an autoimmune reaction to proteins of the islets cells of the pancreas or autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. Usually, onset most often occurs in childhood, but the disease can also develop in adults in their late 30s and early 40s.
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disease with both anatomic or structural and biochemical consequences. It is a chronic illness of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism caused by the deficiency of insulin, which results from the advanced and progressive inability of the pancreas to produce insulin because of autoimmune destruction of the beta cells.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus can occur at any age. It is most common in juveniles but can also happen in adults, especially in those in their late 30s and early 40s.
Unlike people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, those with type 1 diabetes mellitus usually are not obese and often present initially with the diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) condition. The particular characteristic of a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is that if her or his insulin is withdrawn, ketosis and eventually ketoacidosis condition will develop. Consequently, these patients are dependent on the exogenous insulin.
Treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus needs lifelong insulin therapy. A multidisciplinary approach by the physician, dietitian, and nurse with regular specialist or expert consultation is required to take control glycemia, as well as to limit the development of its crushing complications and carry out such complications when they do happen.
More information about diabetes, click Diabetes Mellitus!
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